AUTOMATA Survey on the use of 3D modelling, non-destructive archaeometry, artificial intelligence and robotics in archaeology – Final report now available !

Coordinated by the Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), the survey gathered 323 responses from 42 countries between March and May 2025. Respondents were mainly active in academic research and archaeology, and showed varying degrees of familiarity with the technologies addressed, from widespread knowledge and use of 3D modelling to more limited experience with robotics.

The report highlights that 3D modelling is already widely used in archaeological practice, especially through photogrammetry, while non-destructive archaeometry is mainly applied to material characterisation, including soils and ceramics. In both areas, respondents identified lack of training, cost, access to equipment and data storage as key obstacles to wider adoption.

Artificial intelligence emerged as the most commonly used technology, largely through readily available online tools for translation, text correction and generative applications. Robotics remains less widely used, but is generally associated with data acquisition and viewed as a promising field for future archaeological research.

The survey also reveals both enthusiasm and caution towards AI and robotics. While many respondents see these technologies as opening new possibilities, concerns remain around the loss of human expertise, professional transformation and environmental impact.

Overall, 57% of respondents considered that a system such as the one developed by AUTOMATA would be likely or very likely to improve their work processes, particularly for the processing of large datasets. The report also confirms a strong demand for training, resources and guidance to support the responsible and effective integration of these technologies into archaeological practice.

Access the Survey’s final report HERE